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TECHNOLOGIES FOR PRODUCTION AND UTILIZATION OF REM
ArticleName A sulphate method for rem-containing wastes processing
ArticleAuthor Gerasimova L. G., Nikolaev A. I.
ArticleAuthorData

I. V. Tananaev Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements and Mineral Raw Materials of the Russian Academy of Sciences Kola Science Center (ICTREMRM KSC RAS)

L. G. Gerasimova, Divisional Manager, e-mail: gerasimova@chemy.kolasc.net.ru

A. I. Nikolaev, Deputy Director

Abstract

Manufacturing of permanent magnets involves wasting metals in the form of powder and platelets contaminated by organic compounds. Much of the scarce REM is lost with the wastes. The magnet-process waste investigated in this work was a powder consisting for the part of neodymium and iron and much less of samarium and cobalt. The waste composition has been examined to develop a regime of their dissolution in 34–36% H2SO4. The resulting precipitate consisted of a sulphate rare-earth concentrate and an ironcontaining solution. The dissolution kinetic has been studied and optimal conditions of components separation have been determined. The solid phase was washed on a filter with hot water and the rinsing water was joined to the liquid phase. The washed-out precipitate was a crystal salt of neodymium(III) sulphate Nd2(SO4)3·8H2O admixed with samarium(III) and iron(II) sulphates. The sulphuric acid solution mostly contained iron(II) with trace amounts of cobalt and REM. Goethite was extracted from ironcontaining sulphuric acid solutions by using hydrolysis; next it was calcined to obtain iron oxide pigments and welding components. To improve separation of the main components, the processes of waste dissolution and iron vitriol crystallization were conducted in one stage, without intermediate separating of the REM sulphate precipitate. The resulting sulphate mixture was dissolved in water. The solution was subjected to hydrolysis to extract iron(III) as a hydroxide precipitate. The lanthanides remained in solution from which they can be isolated using precipitation. Efficient methods for converting REM sulphates to fluoride compounds or hydroxides are proposed.

keywords Magnetic materials, metal powder, rare earth metals, solution, precipitation, crystal salts, technology, catalysts, pigments
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