Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Magnitogorsk, Russia

A. A. Zubkov, Director of the Mining Engineering and Transport Institute, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, Associate Professor, ptmr74@mail.ru
V. N. Kalmykov, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, Professor
I. M. Kutlubaev, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, Professor

Projects and Technologies—Ural Region LLC, Severouralsk, Russia

O. V. Zoteev, Director of Science, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, Professor

The implemented analysis of ground support systems in modern mines reveals the growing use of the yielding steel frame supports. This is governed by higher deformation of rock mass at great depths of the present-day mining operations. As a consequence, it has become necessary to improve the design of the yielding steel frame supports and to duly assess their basic performance: load-bearing capacity, and horizontal and vertical yield. Special bench testing of frames is the most informative technique. The governing factor here is the active loading diagram. In particular, the direction of the applied active forces should be in parallel to the longitudinal axis of the frame and should be preserved for the whole period of the frame yield testing. To observe all requirements imposed on testing the basic parameters of frames, a special test bench is developed. Its key feature is the loading mechanism using a sliding pair. In this case, the capping loading assembly placed on a slider is moved in parallel to the longitudinal axis of the frame. The slider movement is provided by a coaxially arranged cylinder. The loading assembly design allows in-plane change of the point of the force application to the frame capping. Interaction with the capping involves a pair of rollers arranged at the ends of a twoshoulder lever. The adopted design of the force application circuit of the test bench ensures the force action on the frame in the unchangeable direction independent of the capping deformation.

1. Yang X., Wang E., Wang Y., Gao Y., Wang P. A study of the large deformation mechanism and control techniques for deep soft rock roadways. Sustainability. 2018. Vol. 10, Iss. 4. ID 1100.
2. Nazimko V. V., Zakharova L. M., Merzlikin A. V., Kusen O. B. Dissipative structure suppression as a way to increase the sustainable improvement of the frame support bearing capacity. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2022. Vol. 1049. ID 012012.
3. Wang Q., Pan R., Jiang B., Li S. C., He M. C. et al. Study on failure mechanism of roadway with soft rock in deep coal mine and confined concrete support system. Engineering Failure Analysis. 2017. Vol. 81. pp. 155–177.
4. Chilton G. Project that changed the world: Mponeng Gold Mine. Create. 2015. Vol. 1, No. 3. pp. 52–53.
5. Xu C., Xia C., Han C. Elastoplastic solutions for deep tunnel excavation in weak rocks with high geostress considering different stress release measures. International Journal of Applied Mechanics. 2022. Vol. 14, No. 8. ID 2250077.
6. Pytlik A. Comparative bench testing of steel arch support systems with and without rock bolt reinforcements. Archives of Mining Sciences. 2019. Vol. 64, No. 4. pp. 747–764.
7. Pytlik A. Experimental studies of static and dynamic steel arch support load capacity and sliding joint temperature parameters during yielding. Archives of Mining Sciences. 2020. Vol. 65, No. 3. pp. 469–491.
8. Xu J., Xie X., Tang G., Zhou B., Xu D. et al. A new adaptive compressible element for tunnel lining support in squeezing rock masses. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. 2023. Vol. 137. ID 105124.
9. Budnikov P. M. Results of tests the metallic arched bolts in hard and soft mode from SVP-33 for mouth tilted stem. Vestnik Kuzbasskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2014. No. 6(106). pp. 43–46.
10. Voytov M. D., Vashchenko S. G., Budnikov P. M. Review and analysis of bench and acceptance tests of steel frame supports made of special interchangeable sections. Vestnik Kuzbasskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2011. No. 6(88). pp. 21–25.
11. Kopytin V. A., Vashchenko S. G., Kostrykin A. P., Shaydulin K. V. Mine opening frame supports tests. Vestnik nauchnogo tsentra po bezopasnosti rabot v ugolnoy promyshlennosti. 2011. No. 2. pp. 113–115.
12. Polukhin V. A., Belodedov A. A., Sashchenko V. V. Yielding steel frame design for deeplevel mines. MIAB. 2008. No. 4. pp. 240–243.
13. Litvinsky G. G., Smekalin E. S. Efficiency of the frame supports. Collection of Scientific Papers of DonSTI. Alchevsk, 2015. No. 1(44). pp. 18–25.
14. Xu J., Xie X., Tang G., Zhou B., Xu D. et al. A new adaptive compressible element for tunnel lining support in squeezing rock masses. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. 2023. Vol. 137. ID 105124.
15. Horyl P., Snuparek R., Hlavackova M. Loading capacity of yielding connections used in steel arch roadway supports. Ground Support 2013 : Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Ground Support in Mining and Underground Construction. Perth : Australian Centre for Geomechanics, 2013. pp. 461–470.
16. Maršálek P., Horyl P. Modelling of bolted connection with flexible yokes used in mining industry. AIP Conference Proceedings. 2017. Vol. 1863. DOI: 10.1063/1.4992515
17. Brodny J. Analysis of operation of arch frictional joint loaded with the impact of freely falling mass. Geotechnical and Mechanical Studies. 2013. Vol. 35, Iss. 1. pp. 59–72.