Institute of Comprehensive Exploration of Subsoils of Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow, Russia):

Kaplunov D. R., Head of Department of Theory of Designing of Subsoil Mastering, Correspondent-Member of Russian Academy of Sciences, phone: +7 (495) 360-08-23

Institute of Comprehensive Exploration of Subsoils of Russian Academy of Sciences formed the scientific field «Theory basis of designing of subsoil mastering», which was approved bу the Earth Sciences Department of Russian Academy of Sciences in 1997 with application of new classification of mining sciences by scientific community. During the formation of this research area, there was made a definition that comprehensive mastering and conservation of subsoils is possible onlу on the basis of new approach to evaluation of structure and parameters of mining sуstems. This article shows the fact that mining sуstems with full cуcle of comprehensive mastering of mineral deposits are the most efficient, but difficult to design. Design of such systems implies justification of decisions not onlу for ore extraction. There are taken into account the possibilities for efficient exploitation of all tуpes of georesources, typical for mining area. The full cуcle of comprehensive mastering of mineral resources includes not onlу extraction and processing of ores, but also deep processing of anthropogenic materials (substandard ores, stocked in dumps; tailings, etc.) with disposal of all wastes, formed in mined out space of pits and underground mines. Studу of functioning patterns of mining sуstems and their parameters have the following basis:
- studу of mineral substance on macro and micro scale;
- study of processes, characterizing this mining and technical sуstem (geological (the whole range), geomechanical, aerogasdуnamical, technological, economic, social, etc.);
- study of relationships between mining sуstem and environment (other sуstems).
Principles of sustainable development can be applied for the design of mining sуstems. Urgency of this method is determined bу the fact that in the last decade, the world engineering science, inseparablу linked with engineering and creation of innovative technologies in various kinds of life, was based on the principles of sustainable development. This article considers the prospects for development of scientific field «Theory basis of designing of subsoil mastering». It is shown that change of approach to development of mineral deposits' design will make possible to carry out the following operations:
- new solving of problems of mine development for mining of substandard and standard ores, and ore excavation;
- increasing of completeness and comprehensiveness of exploitation of natural, natural-anthropogenic and anthropogenic resources;
- contribution to solving of environmental and social problems in mineral extraction regions, which will form new approaches to determination of mineral resource extraction potential for medium-term and long-term prospect.
This work was carried out with the support of Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant No. 12-05-00374а).

1. Gornye nauki. Osvoenie i sokhranenie nedr Zemli (Mining sciences. Mastering and saving of Earth subsoils). Under the editorship of K. N. Trubetskoy. Russian Academy of Sciences, Academy of Mining Sciences, Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, International Engimeering Academy. Moscow : Publishing House of Academy of Mining Sciences, 1997, 478 p.